‰ «««««« «««««««««« «««««««««« «««««««««« »»»»»»»»»» »»»»»»»»»» »»»»»»»»»» »»»»»» ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— …¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨…¨ \laptop\sequeris\trials_2.txt https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/976/cpsprodpb/3250/production/_118008821_more_vaccines_compared__2x640-nc.png successes, chronologically: 1) Phizer-BioNTech 2) moderna 3) novavax 4) https://www.astrazeneca.com/media-centre/press-releases/2020/astrazenecas-covid-19-vaccine-authorised-in-uk.html 5) Johnson&Johnson/Janssen Biotech Inc. preliminary result, next month 6) sputnik https://apnews.com/article/belarus-coronavirus-pandemic-latin-america-auto-racing-glance-russia-fcddcc286f8295421c0ff301c242dad0 Belarus, Argentina start vaccinations with Russian shots By DARIA LITVINOVA and ALMUDENA CALATRAVA December 29, 2020 ?) novavax https://www.wxyz.com/news/coronavirus/new-novavax-vaccine-could-be-latest-available-in-fight-against-covid-19 another vaccine available ... GlaxoSmthKline,SanofiPasteur CureVac Janssen US: 1) phizer 2) moderna ?) Johnson&Johnson 2021 February 26 85% effacatious for hospitalizations www.lilly.com ?) OxfordAstraZeneca ?) novavax UK: 1) Pfizer 2) AstraZeneca 3) Moderna Scotland: Valneva France: 1) //valneva.com China: 1] Sinopharm third dose, six months, UAE 2] China National Pharmaceutical Group 3] Sinovac Biotech Co 4] Academy of Military Sciences and the Chinese biotech company CanSino 5] Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biologic Pharmacy ?] CanSino not approved in all countries India: [Covishield, Covaxin, Sputnik V] 1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharat_Biotech Bharat Biotech makes the locally-developed Covaxin 2] Oxford/AstraZeneca Serum Institute of India (SII) makes Covishield (under licence from AstraZeneca) 3] https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-57774294 India approves world's first DNA Covid vaccine Soutik Biswas India correspondent Cadila Healthcare three-dose ZyCoV-D vaccine Covovax and Corbevax https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55748124 HGCO19, India's first mRNA vaccine made by Pune-based Genova in collaboration with Seattle-based HDT Biotech Corporation, using bits of genetic code to cause an immune response; A nasal vaccine by Bharat Biotech. TX: Corbevax Dr. Maria Bottazzi and Dr. Peter Hotez https://www.biologicale.com/Vaccines_Biologics/about.html https://www.courthousenews.com/india-approves-covid-vaccine-developed-in-texas/ Russia: 1) Sputnik V 92% efficacy towDose by Biocad Trib Feb23 s1p8 must buy equipment from China Taiwan: Medigen Vaccine Biologics Corp https://thepublicsradio.org/article/taiwans-president-receives-domestically-developed-vaccine Cuba: 1) Soberana 2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soberana_02 https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/03/25/980789381/cubas-revolutionary-dream-making-its-own-covid-vaccine 2) Abdala 3) third •• Germany: https://www.barrons.com/articles/curevac-gsk-covid-19-vaccine-51629121595 https://www.gsk.com/en-gb/media/press-releases/gsk-and-curevac-to-develop-next-generation-mrna-covid-19-vaccines/ Africa: npr WBEZ bbc 2020January20 4:??am SAfrica Pres. Cyril Ramaphosa opens plant Cape Twon Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong start to finish https://m.facebook.com/BBCnewsafrica/photos/a.292202500228/10160309900445229/ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-10474261/South-African-company-creates-copy-Moderna-vaccine-breakthrough-low-income-nations.html Afrigen Biologics created a near-copy of the Moderna Covid vaccine. Gerhardt Boukes, chief scientist at Afrigen Martin Friede, the WHO official coordinating the effort TX: Dr. Maria Elena Bottazzi, the co-creator of Corbevax https://www.npr.org/podcasts/583350334/science-friday February 18, 2022 Paralysis Treatment, Protein Vaccines Advantages, How Cuba Made Five Vaccines https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/different-vaccines/how-they-work.html https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/different-vaccines.html https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19/covid-19-vaccines https://www.who.int/initiatives/act-accelerator/covax https://www.oxfam.org/en/press-releases/small-group-rich-nations-have-bought-more-half-future-supply-leading-covid -19 https://www.bbc.com/news/health-55586410 Moderna becomes third in UK Oxford-AstraZeneca Valneva Novavax GlaxoSmithKline Sanofi Pasteur Pfizer-BioNTech Janssen Moderna ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— https://apnews.com/article/business-coronavirus-pandemic-production-facilities-e25bb171cd40ed94e32999bac22d56fe J&J using Sanofi, Merck facilities Sanofi helping with Pfizer-BioNTech, Merck ChicgoTribune 2021March9 s2p1 Baxter helping with Moderna https://www.ft.com/content/6a0a7d49-4557-45bc-afd1-54a2ca7413fe Merck abandons bid to develop Covid-19 vaccine GSK and Merck, were “effectively out of the Covid race” Merck now studying whether it can act as a contract manufacturer for rival producers https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-11/biontech-bntx-ramps-up-covid-vaccine-production-in-germany cooperation BioNTech Novaris Pfizer AstraZeneca/Oxford Sanofi/GSK Gamaleya Moderna J&J https://www.bbc.com/news/health-51665497 update: Those that work - and the others on the way offer complete protection against hospitalisation and death: https://www.livemint.com/news/india/bharat-biotech-confirms-deal-with-brazil-to-supply-20-million-doses-of-covaxin-11614348998651.html Bharat Biotech confirms deal with Brazil to supply 20 million doses of COVAXIN https://www.bbc.com/news/business-56218058 How this Indian firm is vaccinating the world By Chiyo Robertson Business reporter, BBC News Serum Institute of India (SII) chief executive Adar Poonawalla, Pune, Western India 70-80 million in January - was because I started manufacturing at risk in August criticised the patchwork of global regulatory systems and lack of harmonisation for production delays https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55748124 Covishield and Covaxin: What we know about India's Covid-19 vaccines https://www.fiercepharma.com/manufacturing/serum-institute-india-up-for-british-audit-as-astrazeneca-looks-to-boost-covid-19 Serum Institute's production of Novavax ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/fda-pfizer-s-covid-19-vaccine-safe-effective-after-one-n1250337 benefits even after the first dose, with an effectiveness of more than 50 percent about a week later. ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— Iran: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/12/29/iran-covid-vaccine-trials-start COVIran Barekat: Iran launches human trials of its COVID vaccine Minister of Health Saeed Namaki and Vice President for Science and Technology Sorena Sattari COVIran Barekat, manufactured by Shifa Pharmed Head of the Iranian Red Crescent Society Karim Hemmati Ukraine: Giolik, Kharkiv appealed to license Sputnik V Viktor Medvedchuk: use Sputnik V Volodymyr Zelenskiy, president is outraged Viktor Lyashko, chief public health official: deficiencies in clinical trials ChicagoTribune 2020January15 vaccineGeopolitics MariaVarenikova, NYTimes Canada: https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/covid-19-vaccine-providence-1.5887613 Toronto-based Providence Therapeutics Brad Sorenson, CEO, mRNA Medicago, Quebec-based, manufactured in North Carolina \laptop\medicine\Nicotiana.txt plantBased.txt agrobacterium tumefaciens VIDO-Intervac, Saskatoon-based Virologist Alyson Kelvin, assistant professor, Dalhousie University Russia: https://www.bbc.com/news/health-55900622 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— France: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56048444 France says just one jab needed for previously infected Hungary: if administered to 1M worldwide, can be used in Hungary Trib Feb17 s2p9 AP 5] sinopharm 6] 7] th approved Mexico: https://lasvegassun.com/news/2021/feb/20/the-latest-chinese-russian-vaccines-to-arrive-in-m/ [ from China [ from Russia UAE: ChicagotTribune 2021May19 s1p17 boosterShots Sinopharm third dose afer six months, insufficient antibody response ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— failures: ChicagoTribune 2020 July8 s5p2 scienceHumbling JaneEBrody 1955 polio vaccine hastily rolled out; polio in 70,000, 164 crippled, 10 killed https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengvaxia_controversy ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— https://www.npr.org/transcripts/950360046 What Does The New COVID-19 Variant In The U.K. Mean For Americans? December 26, 20208:03 AM ET